Section 13 of the Judiciary Act of 1789	Article III of the United States Constitution
The Supreme Court shall have the power to issue writes of mandamus, in cases warranted by the principles and usages of law, to any courts appointed, or persons holding office, under the authority of the United States.	The Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction in all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party.  In all other cases, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction.